2.
   2024
/  

: 3     :50
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.           
2.          
-
3.                

4.           
-
5.           
2.
6.     ,  ,       
-
7.   -          ?
8.         
   2024
/  

: 3     :50
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.           
:     (  )
  ,   ,     
 -   
            ,   
        --  ,  
-   ,         '  
2.
1.   ? ( )
    ,      (, , , ,   )   

   '     ,      , ,  
        
         ,      

2.   ? ()
  
                 ,
        (       ) ' 
 
󹵙󹵚󹵛󹵜  :
  =   × 3   '     
 "" 
  ?
               
  ,      ()   
 
3.   
    ,     '   
  -  
  (): 14
 (): 2 + 4 + 4 + 4
- :
o   (2 ): 
o   (4 ): 
o   (4 ): 
2.
o   (4 ): 
   
|   |     |     |     |
                
 
4.    
       :
1.   ()
2. -  (×3)
3.     
 

    14  ,
                ,
    ' 
            
5.      
  /         -
  
  ( )
   |   |    
(     ,    )
  (   )
       |
       |
       ||
2.
   '   
  14-         
         
 
6.   
 
 
   
 
       
     
 
      
      :
o  
o  
o  
 
     
     
     
7.      
    
      '  
 -    
    ' 
      ' 
   ,        

2.
      ,        
           '     , 
            , 
14   ,       ,     

   ,          
       
 
     
     
2.          
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌-
 
      ,  
    ' 
     -    -       
            ,  ,   
     ,   (      ) 
,        
   (1780–1826)     ()  ,  
 200     ,     ,   
                   
          
󷙣󷙤󷙥    
       :
:       
:   ()      
:     ,  ,     
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔       :    ,   
 ,           
󻏂󻏃󻏄󻏅󻏆󻏇󻏈  
1.   
        ()  
2.
  ,        ,    

             
 
2.   
 ( ) ,       
    ,    ,    
     
3.     
        

      ,         


4.  
       :
:          
:      ,  ( ) '   
: ,       
  :    '     
5.  ( )
    ( ),  ( ),     
    
         
 
󷊨󷊩  
        :
  ,    
  - "  "    ,   
   
  -        
   -        
       ,       

󹼯󹼰󹼱󹼳󹼲     
2.

 
 
 
, 
, 
, 

 +  
 
 

,   
 
 , 

  
  
  
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  
             
 
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸   
          - , , ,
        ,    , , 
    '             , 
      
󽆪󽆫󽆬 
     :   ,       
  
      
 -  ,    
-
3.                

:         
        
;       
               
          ,    
     -     -      
        ,       
       
   
                 
       ,         
2.
   ,         ,    
        ,       
  ,       
   -    ,      
          ,     
        ,      (
),             
     ,         
    
    
          ,       
               
          
 -       

  ,              
   :
  
   
   
  
   '     -   ,     
       
 
   
               
 ,                 
,        -           
      
   ,      
             ,    

     ,        
   
2.
 
           :
1.   
              , , 
         
2.    
            ,    
             -
       
3.    ' 
    -,          
            ,   
         
4.    
      , ,      
    ,       
5.    
             
            ,   

            
 
   
               ,
                 
 ,          '      ""
( "")          -      
"" 
2.
  
               
, 
             
    
,        
 
 ,              :
  
  
   

 ,               
,            , 
   ,       -   
     
      
     ,          
       
4.           
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌   -
   ,  ()           
,       
:   14  () 
 ():  4     : 3 + 4 + 3 + 4
 ( ):
  |   |   |     
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 14                 ,
    () ' 
 ,   ""  
 ,           '  
         
 
2.
󷙣󷙤󷙥  ?
               
    '     ,    
    , ,       
         
      " "    
󷙣󷙤󷙥  ?
          ,    (   )
'   
            
       -     , "   

 "
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:    "  "   ,  
   
,    '    
󻏂󻏃󻏄󻏅󻏆󻏇󻏈        
     ,    14   
󷊨󷊩 1 ( )
 -  -  |   -   |  -  -  |   
         ()    
   " "  
  -       
      
󷊨󷊩 2 (  )
   -   |   -   |    -   |   
, " "  ( )    
" "        
      ,     
 
󷊨󷊩  
     14-       
2.
:  
  
       ""  ' 
    |     |   ()
 
     
     '  ,       -   

󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
  
    -     '   
    
 ,  
 
  ,      
  ,  
        
 -     
()   ,          
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸   
 ,   (14 ) :
 1:  -  -  |   
 2:    -   |   
:     (  ,  ' )
     
  -         
-
5.           
:      
             '   
       
;         -
, , , ,    -       
 ,         
      
    ,          , 
 '          
2.
       ,       
    ' -     ,      
       ,      
  '    
1.    
  
               
    ( )   ,        
               ,
         
         :
 (6 )
 (8 )
 (14 )
               
      
2.        
     ,           
    ,     -   ,    
         ,       
    
       :


 
            

 
3.       
2.
  ,           
                 
       
           '      -
               
4.         
    '          ,
  -  
            
           
   ()        ,   
  
5.        
               ,
    ,            
   
  :
    
   
   
          ,    
6.      
  ,           
   ,            
               
 
          
 
2.
7.        
  ,    ' , ,       
         ,     
 
:
        
     
    
         
 
8.     
                
               '   

          
 

                
;       
 
;  
     ,
    ,    ,      
 ,          
6.     ,  ,       
2.
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌-
                 
      ,    ,  , 
,         
          ,      
  
         
 -    
,   ,        
󻏂󻏃󻏄󻏅󻏆󻏇󻏈    ' 
  ,    -          
  ,         ,    
   
 
            '   

          ,    


      ,     
 
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔                (6 )
 -  ,     ,      
󷙣󷙤󷙥  
    '             :
 (6 )-   ,   
 (8 )-         
   (14 )   (12 )    
     
 -        ,   
 
󷊨󷊩  
               :
1.    -         ,   -
 
 ,   
2.    -        ,    '
    
 
2.
3.          ,      
          
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔:     ,     -  , 
                  
    
󷚆󷚇󷚈   
        ,   
 ,  
         :
         
        
  
        ,    ( )
'      
      , 
      '   
      
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
          :
  ,    
 ,       

  ,     ,    
  ,   
 ,      
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔     ,          
󹼯󹼰󹼱󹼳󹼲    
           
    
   
         
      ,      
    
   ,            
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸   
            :
2.
     
  
   
   
      
     
 -          
,       ,         
󽆪󽆫󽆬 
          
 , 
    ,           ,  
  -       ,     ,    '
-  
-
7.   -          ?
:    -       
  -  ,   -,      

        -   ,        
          
     
 ,      - '       
 
              
  ,  ,   , -   , 
         -  
 ,      
           
      '         
  --       
1.      
2.
     -    - ,  
     ,  -    
            
  :
     
    - -  
         
  ,           
 ,  
         
 ;    
  '  
2.       
     ' -      
 
;           
 
  
,   :
    
     
          
 ""   "
"     ,   ,     

      
3.      
               
       -   '   ,  
         
 :
       
           
      ' 
2.
     ,    
 
              
   -    

4.      
       
       
            -
     ,        
   
    :
  
   
  -  
       -       

5.       
        
;         
   
  :
-    
  
  '     -   
              - 
       
6.    
 
  ,       , -, , 
      
 
2.
      :
 
   
   
             
,         
7.       
              , 
 ,  
        
     , :
-     
  '  
   
     -  
       -
     
8.      
      -    '      ,
        
  :
    
   '  
   
           

2.
         -   -  
     ,     
   ,
, , ,       '  
          ,   
     
 ,       
        
,   -   
       
8.         
:󷋇󷋈󷋉󷋊󷋋󷋌   -
   ,  ()     -    
    '         
:   14  () 
 ():  4  ()    : 3 + 4 + 3 + 4
 ( ):
  |   |   |     
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 14                 ,
    () ' 
 ,   ""  
  , ,          , 

      
󷙣󷙤󷙥  ?
                  
 
:     (   )
:   (   )
:   (   )
:    (   )
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 ,          ,     
  
󻏂󻏃󻏄󻏅󻏆󻏇󻏈    ( )
2.
      ,    ()  :
  |   |   |     
            ,   
󷊨󷊩    ( )
, 
       
   14  ,  
    28  
:
    |     |     |            
:
       
 ,     ,     14-   
               

󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔         ,      
      -        
󷊨󷊩    ( )
 , 
       
   14  ,  
     42  
:
      |       |       |      
          
:
       
       ,     
               
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔         ,       '  
         ,     '   
 
2.
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
  
       
 
       
          -    
 ,      ,       
   
 , 
       
 
󷘹󷘴󷘵󷘶󷘷󷘸   
 ,   (14 ) :
:     ( )
:     (   28 )
:     (   42 )
  ,  
             
   ,          
"              
 
       ,       
 "